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docs/CONNECTION_HANDLING.md
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# TechIRCd Connection Handling Improvements
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## Overview
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TechIRCd now features **robust connection handling** designed to handle real-world network conditions, client behaviors, and edge cases gracefully.
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## Key Improvements
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### 🛡️ **Robust Client Connection Handling**
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#### **1. Comprehensive Error Recovery**
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- **Panic Recovery**: All client handlers have panic recovery with detailed logging
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- **Graceful Cleanup**: Proper resource cleanup even when connections fail
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- **Connection Validation**: Validates connections and server state before processing
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#### **2. Smart Timeout Management**
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- **Registration Timeout**: 60 seconds for initial registration (configurable)
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- **Read Timeouts**: 5 minutes for registered clients, 30 seconds during registration
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- **Progressive Timeouts**: More lenient timeouts for new connections
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#### **3. Enhanced Message Processing**
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- **Binary Data Detection**: Detects and rejects non-text data
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- **Size Limits**: Truncates oversized messages (512 bytes max)
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- **Empty Line Handling**: Gracefully ignores empty lines
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- **Encoding Validation**: Checks for valid IRC characters
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#### **4. Intelligent Flood Protection**
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- **Registration Leniency**: More generous limits during connection setup
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- **Sliding Window**: Proper flood detection with time windows
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- **Configurable Limits**: Respects server configuration settings
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### 🔧 **Server Connection Management**
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#### **1. Connection Limits**
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- **Max Client Enforcement**: Rejects connections when server is full
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- **Resource Protection**: Prevents server overload
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- **Graceful Rejection**: Sends proper error message before closing
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#### **2. Accept Error Handling**
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- **Temporary Error Recovery**: Handles temporary network errors
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- **Retry Logic**: Continues accepting after temporary failures
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- **Error Classification**: Different handling for different error types
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#### **3. Client State Tracking**
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- **Connection Counting**: Real-time client count tracking
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- **State Validation**: Ensures clients are properly initialized
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- **Resource Monitoring**: Tracks and logs connection statistics
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### 📊 **Enhanced Logging and Debugging**
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#### **1. Detailed Connection Logging**
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```
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2025/09/03 19:02:44 New client connected from 46.24.193.29:60237 (total: 1)
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2025/09/03 19:02:44 Starting robust client handler for 46.24.193.29:60237
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2025/09/03 19:02:44 Client 46.24.193.29:60237: CAP LS 302
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2025/09/03 19:02:44 Client 46.24.193.29:60237: NICK TestUser
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2025/09/03 19:02:44 Client registration completed: TestUser (testuser) from 46.24.193.29:60237
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```
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#### **2. Error Context**
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- **Connection Source**: Always logs client IP/port
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- **Error Details**: Specific error messages for troubleshooting
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- **State Information**: Logs registration status and timing
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#### **3. Performance Metrics**
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- **Connection Duration**: Tracks how long connections last
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- **Message Counts**: Monitors message frequency
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- **Registration Time**: Measures time to complete registration
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### 🔒 **Security Enhancements**
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#### **1. Protocol Validation**
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- **Command Validation**: Ensures only valid IRC commands are processed
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- **Data Sanitization**: Removes dangerous or malformed input
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- **Buffer Management**: Prevents buffer overflow attacks
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#### **2. Connection Security**
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- **Rate Limiting**: Prevents rapid connection attempts
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- **Resource Limits**: Protects against resource exhaustion
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- **Input Validation**: Validates all client input before processing
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### 🚀 **Real-World Compatibility**
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#### **1. IRC Client Support**
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- **HexChat Compatible**: Tested with popular IRC clients
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- **IRCv3 Support**: Handles capability negotiation properly
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- **Standard Compliance**: Follows RFC 2812 standards
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#### **2. Network Conditions**
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- **Slow Connections**: Handles high-latency connections
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- **Unstable Networks**: Recovers from temporary network issues
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- **Mobile Clients**: Optimized for mobile network conditions
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#### **3. Edge Cases**
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- **Partial Messages**: Handles incomplete message transmission
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- **Connection Drops**: Graceful handling of sudden disconnections
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- **Server Restarts**: Proper cleanup during server shutdown
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## Configuration Options
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### **Timeout Settings**
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```json
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{
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"limits": {
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"registration_timeout": 60,
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"ping_timeout": 300,
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"flood_lines": 10,
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"flood_seconds": 60
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}
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}
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```
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### **Connection Limits**
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```json
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{
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"limits": {
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"max_clients": 1000,
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"max_channels": 100
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}
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}
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```
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## Benefits
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### **For Users**
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- ✅ **Reliable Connections**: Less likely to drop due to network issues
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- ✅ **Faster Registration**: Optimized registration process
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- ✅ **Better Error Messages**: Clear feedback when issues occur
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- ✅ **Mobile Friendly**: Works well on mobile networks
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### **For Administrators**
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- ✅ **Detailed Logging**: Easy troubleshooting with comprehensive logs
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- ✅ **Resource Protection**: Server stays stable under load
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- ✅ **Security**: Protection against malformed data and attacks
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- ✅ **Monitoring**: Real-time connection statistics
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### **For Developers**
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- ✅ **Code Clarity**: Well-structured connection handling code
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- ✅ **Error Recovery**: Robust error handling prevents crashes
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- ✅ **Debugging**: Extensive logging for issue resolution
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- ✅ **Maintainability**: Clean separation of concerns
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## Testing Recommendations
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### **Basic Connection Test**
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```bash
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# Test with telnet
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telnet your-server.com 6667
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# Send IRC commands
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NICK TestUser
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USER testuser 0 * :Test User
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```
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### **HexChat Configuration**
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- **Server**: your-server.com
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- **Port**: 6667 (or 6697 for SSL)
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- **SSL**: Disabled (unless you have SSL configured)
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- **Character Set**: UTF-8
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### **Load Testing**
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- Test with multiple simultaneous connections
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- Try rapid connect/disconnect cycles
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- Test with slow network conditions
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TechIRCd now provides **enterprise-grade connection handling** suitable for production IRC networks!
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